K.W. Bock: The Aryl Hydrocarbon or Dioxin Receptor: Biologic and Toxic Responses.- K. Grieshaber, I. Hardewig, U. Kreutzer, and H.-O. Poertner: Physiological and Metabolic Responses to Hypoxia in Invertebrates.- K.-W. Koch: Calcium as Modulator of Phototransduction in Vertebrate Photoreceptor Cells.

P.J. Pearson, P.M. Vanhoutte: Vasodilator and Vasoconstrictor Substances Produced by the Endothelium. L. Dux: Muscle Relaxation and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Function in Different Muscle Types. C.C. Ashley, P.J. Griffith, T.J. Lea, I.P. Mulligan, R.e. Palmer, and S.J. Simnett: Barnacle Muscle: Ca2+ Activation and Mechanics.

This special volume provides up-to-date information on research dealing with the regulation of the biosynthesis and degradation of cyclic GMP and with the regulation of physiological systems by cyclic GMP. The publication of this volume could not have come at a more appropriate time, with significant work in this area having led to our current understanding of the role of nitric oxide in signal transduction, and the 1998 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for Furchgott, Murad and Ignarro. Moreover, the introduction in early 1998 of sildenafil (Viagra), a selective inhibitor of a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase, for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men represents the first successful therapeutic application of an agent designed to alter the activity of a molecular target in a cyclic GMP pathway.

J.A. Roth: Membrane-Bound Catechol-O-Methyltreansferase: A Reevaluation of Its Role in the O-Methylation of the Catecholamine Transmitters. D.J. Benos, S. Cunningham, R.R. Baker, K.B. Beason, Y. Oh, and P.R. Smith: Molecular Characteristics of Amiloride-Sensitive Sodium Channels. D. Pette and G. Vrbov : Adaptation of Mammalian Skeletal Muscle Fibers to Chronic Electrical Stimulation.

In this regular issue of Reviews of Physiology the first contribution by Warth and Bleich is on K+ Channels and Colonic Function, the second by Offermanns on Mammalian G-Protein Function in vivo: New Insights Through Altered Expression, and the third contribution by Tenenholz et al. (including one editor of the series) on Structural Determinants of Scorpion Toxin Affinity: The Charybdotoxin (alpha-KTX) Family of K+-channel Blocking Peptides.

R. Levenson: Isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase: Family Members in Search of Function.- E. Petzinger: Transport of Organic Anions in the Liver. An Update on Bile Acid, Fatty Acid, Monocarboxylate, Anionic Amino Acid, Cholephilic Organic Anion and Anionic Drug Transport.- E. Schultz, K.M. McCormick: Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells.

Contents: R.L. Moss, G.M. Diffee, M.L. Greaser: Contractile Properties of Skeletal Muscle Fibers in Relation to Myofibrillar Protein Isoforms.- J.E. Wilson: Hexokinases.- J. Rassow, N. Pfanner: Molecular Chaperones and Intracellular Protein Translocation.- H. Fuder, E. Muscholl: Heteroreceptor-Mediated Modulation of Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine Release from Peripheral Nerves.

Cook et al.: Phospholipases C and D in Mitogenic Signal Transduction. Moolenaar et al: Lysophosphatidatic Acid: A Bioactive Phospholipid with Growth Factor-Like Properties. Kozma et al.: Serine/Threonine Kinases in thePropagation of the Early Mitogenic Response. Diringer et al: A Retrospective on Transformation, Growth Control, and some Peculiarities of Lipid Metabolism. Villereal et al.: Calcium Signals in Growth Factor Signal Transduction. Wakabayashi et al.: Structure Function of the Growth Factor-Activatable Na+/H+ Exchanger. Herrlich et al.: DNA Damage-Induces Gene Expression: Signal Transduction and Relation to Growth Factor Signaling. Lucibello et al.: Transcription Factor Encoding Oncogenes

In the series Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology three excellent contributions by Ruth Heidelberger (Houston, TX, USA) with Electrophysiological Approaches to the Study of Neuronal Exocytosis and Synaptic Vesicle Dynamics and Kay Truscott et al. (Freiburg, Germany) with Transport of Proteins Into Mitochondria and Randall K. Powers and Marc D. Binder (Seattle, WA, USA) with Input-Output Functions of Mammalian Motoneurons form another outstanding volume.

In this second special issue on signal transduction leading specialists in their fields again present overviews of topics related to the highly topicalsubject of signal transduction. The first contribution, by Keppler, deals with the biosynthesis, transport, inactivation, and analysis of leukotrienes. Mohr et al. present an excellent overview of the biology of the peptide hormone oxytocin and its role in signal transduction.The review by Holzer describes the significance of peptinergic sensory neurons in the control of vascular functions. In the contribution by Wolf etal the molecular biology of the Y chromosome is discussed.

W. Ulbricht: Effects of veratridine on sodium currents and fluxes. W. Meyerhof: The elucidation of somatostatin receptor functions: a current view.M. Leist, F. Gantner, g. Kunstle and A. Wendel: Cytokine-mediated hepatic apoptosis.

In this volume of Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology there a contributions by M.D. Swope, E. Lolis, F.Hofmann, L. Lacinova, N. Klugbauer, M. Hermann, P. Berger, S.S. Shen, J.S. Kim, M.E. Weksler, M. Hirsch-Kauffmann and M. Schweiger.

H. Wegele, L. M ller, and J. Buchner: Hsp70 and Hsp90 A Relay Team for Protein Folding

R. Sch lein: The Early Stages of the Intracellular Transport of Membrane Proteins: Clinical and Pharmacological Implications

L. Schild: The Epithelial Sodium Channel: From Molecule to Disease

In this volume of Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology there a contributions by M.D. Swope, E. Lolis, F.Hofmann, L. Lacinova, N. Klugbauer, M. Hermann, P. Berger, S.S. Shen, J.S. Kim, M.E. Weksler, M. Hirsch-Kauffmann and M.Schweiger.

Due to escalating pressures from domestic and global competitors, and changes in so- cietal norms, laws, and the economy during the past decade, it has become clear to many executives that people are increasingly important to the success and survival of their companies, but also increasingly more complex to manage. Moreover, it is likely that the complexity will increase even further in the Nineties as global and regional econ- omies continue to emerge. In Europe, entirely new political entities will contribute to complexity and pose difficult problems in a multi-ethnic society. While creating many challenges, these pressures are also creating excellent opportunities for human resource (HR) executives to make substantial contributions to their organiza- tions. Whether such opportunities are realized, however, will depend upon how well these executives develop, refme, and leverage both their business and human resource management skills. This book, which is a collaborative effort on the part of the editors of the Human Re- source Planning journal and Gabler Publishing, is intended for both line and HR ex- ecutives interested in more effectively managing their employees. It is a compilation of selected cutting-edge articles published in the journal during the past five years. It is di- vided into the following seven sections which represent important HR issues facing ex- ecutives today (and in the near future): Section 1. The Human Resource Function in Transition Section 2. Strategic Human Resource Planning Section 3. Mergers and AcquiSitions Section 4. Performance Appraisal and Performance Management Section 5.

FunktioneHe Untersuchungen des Stuhlkontinenzorgans gewinnen in der Proktologie und Dickdarmchirurgie zunehmend an praktischer Bedeutung. Die Elektromyographie und die Manometrie nehmen in dieser Funk- tionsdiagnostik eine zentrale SteHung ein. Haufig bieten sie die einzi- ge Moglichkeit einer Differentialdiagnostik der Stuhlkontinenz. Dar- iiberhinaus steHen sie eine wichtige Entscheidungshilfe nachchirur- gischen Eingriffen am Kontinenzorgan dar. Kann zum Beispiel ein entlastender Anus praeter naturalis zuriickverlegt werden, ohne daB mit einer StOrung der natiirlichen analen Kontinenz zu rechnen ist? Die Funktionsdiagnostik des Stuhlkontinenzorgans mit Hilfe der Manometrie und Elektromyographie befindet sich noch in Entwick- lung. Verbindliche Richtlinien sind noch nicht erarbeitet. Herr Schweiger hat sich diesem Problem besonders gewidmet und objektive Kriterien der Stuhlkontinenz, sowie der quantitativen Un- terscheidung der glatten und quergestreiften Analsphinktermuskula- tur erarbeitet. Das vorliegende Buch bildet einen wertvoHen Beitrag fUr die Funktionsdiagnostik des Stuhlkontinenzorgans. Erlangen, Juni 1982 F. P. Gall VII Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 1 . . . . 2 Anatomische Vorbemerkungen . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 3 . 3 Methodik der Analsphinkterkennlinie .... . . . . .. . 6 3.1 Untersuchungsmethode.................. 6 3.1.1 MeBeinheit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 6 . . . 3.1.2 Untersuchungsvorgang .................. 8 3.2 Aufstellungder Analsphinkterkennlinie ... . . . .. . 10 3.2.1 TheoretischeHerleitung . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 10 . . 3.2.2 Praktisches Beispiel .................... 13 3.2.3 Auswertungder Analsphinkterkennlinie . . . . . . .. . 14 4 Patientengut........................ 15 4.1 Klinische Kriterien der Stuhlinkontinenz . . . . . . . 15 4.2 Voruntersuchungsreihe .................. 15 4.3 UntersuchungsreihefiirdieAnalsphinkterkennlinie... 16 4.3.1 Normalgruppe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 16 . . .